[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":203},["ShallowReactive",2],{"uc-reg-solvency-ii":3},{"regulation":4,"includeUnpublished":11,"indexable":12,"useCases":13},{"id":5,"label":6,"issuer":7,"region":8,"url":9,"description":10},"solvency-ii","Solvency II","European Union","europe","https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2009/138/oj","Directive 2009/138/EC: risk based capital, governance and model requirements for insurers.",false,true,[14,55,81,107,135,154,175,191],{"slug":15,"title":16,"shortTitle":17,"definition":18,"status":19,"industries":20,"functions":22,"patterns":26,"audience":31,"autonomy":32,"adoptionStage":33,"segment":34,"evidenceCount":35,"publicEvidenceCount":35,"organizations":36,"bestGrade":42,"headline":43,"lastVerified":52,"indexable":12,"euAiActTier":53,"euAiActBasis":54},"insurance-pricing-and-actuarial-copilot","AI copilot for insurance pricing and actuarial analysis","Pricing and actuarial copilot","AI that speeds up the work of pricing and actuarial teams, from automated, transparent risk and demand model building to natural language analysis of rate filings, experience data and reserving diagnostics, while actuaries select the models, sign off the rates and own the professional judgment.","published",[21],"insurance",[23,24,25],"product-and-pricing","risk-management","analytics-and-reporting",[27,28,29,30],"prediction-and-scoring","code-generation","agentic-workflow","summarization","employee-facing","copilot","early-adopters","pricing",5,[37,38,39,40,41],"Accelerant Holdings","Europ Assistance","Generali France","Kinsale Capital Group","MAIF","B",{"kpi":44,"label":45,"unit":46,"n":47,"nUpTo":48,"kind":49,"value":35,"qualifier":50,"claimant":51,"organization":39,"vendorReported":11},"productivity-gain","Productivity gain","multiplier",1,0,"reported","exact","organization","2026-09-26","context-dependent","Pricing and risk assessment of natural persons for life and health insurance is high risk under Annex III point 5(c). Pricing for property and casualty products, and actuarial analysis that does not price individuals, are not listed, although supervisors still expect sound model governance.",{"slug":56,"title":57,"shortTitle":58,"definition":59,"status":19,"industries":60,"functions":64,"patterns":66,"audience":31,"autonomy":32,"adoptionStage":70,"segment":71,"evidenceCount":72,"publicEvidenceCount":72,"organizations":73,"bestGrade":42,"headline":77,"lastVerified":78,"indexable":12,"euAiActTier":79,"euAiActBasis":80},"model-risk-validation-copilot","AI copilot for model risk validation and monitoring","Model risk validation","A copilot for independent model validation and review, whether run by a bank's validation function, an external tester or a supervisor, that checks model documentation against the model risk standard, generates and scores challenger tests (for generative AI, often with an LLM as a judge calibrated against human experts), watches production models for drift and drafts and consistency checks the validation report. An accountable validator owns every conclusion.",[61,21,62,63],"banking","capital-markets","wealth-and-asset-management",[24,65],"regulatory-compliance",[29,67,68,69],"document-processing","content-generation","anomaly-detection","emerging","second-line",3,[74,75,76],"European Central Bank (ECB Banking Supervision)","Standard Chartered","United Overseas Bank (UOB)",null,"2026-09-28","minimal","A validation copilot supports internal governance and is not itself an Annex III use, and its drafts are internal, so Article 50 transparency duties do not normally apply. It often helps validate models that are high risk under Annex III (point 5(b), creditworthiness and credit scoring of natural persons; point 5(c), life and health insurance pricing), and the testing and documentation it supports feed the provider obligations of Articles 9, 11 and 15.",{"slug":82,"title":83,"shortTitle":84,"definition":85,"status":19,"industries":86,"functions":87,"patterns":89,"audience":31,"autonomy":32,"adoptionStage":33,"segment":88,"evidenceCount":91,"publicEvidenceCount":91,"organizations":92,"bestGrade":42,"headline":100,"lastVerified":52,"indexable":12,"euAiActTier":53,"euAiActBasis":106},"underwriting-risk-assessment-copilot","AI copilot for underwriting risk assessment","Underwriting risk assessment copilot","A copilot that assembles everything relevant to a risk (the submission, loss history, internal guidelines, third party data and public information), highlights exposures and gaps against the insurer's underwriting guidelines and drafts the underwriting narrative or referral note, while the underwriter makes and signs every decision.",[21],[88,24],"underwriting",[90,30,68,29],"rag-knowledge-assistant",8,[37,93,94,95,96,97,98,99],"American International Group","Arch Capital Group","Bowhead Specialty","Generali Global Corporate & Commercial","Hiscox","Skyward Specialty Insurance Group","Zurich North America",{"kpi":101,"label":102,"unit":103,"n":47,"nUpTo":48,"kind":49,"value":104,"qualifier":50,"claimant":105,"organization":96,"vendorReported":12},"processing-time-reduction","Cycle time reduction","percent",50,"vendor","For commercial property and casualty lines the copilot is not listed in Annex III. Used for risk assessment of natural persons in life or health insurance it falls under Annex III point 5(c) and is high risk, with risk management, data governance, logging and human oversight duties, and deployers must carry out a fundamental rights impact assessment under Article 27.",{"slug":108,"title":109,"shortTitle":110,"definition":111,"status":19,"industries":112,"functions":113,"patterns":116,"audience":118,"autonomy":119,"adoptionStage":33,"segment":114,"evidenceCount":120,"publicEvidenceCount":121,"organizations":122,"bestGrade":42,"headline":129,"lastVerified":52,"indexable":12,"euAiActTier":53,"euAiActBasis":134},"claims-triage-and-straight-through-processing","AI for claims triage and straight through processing","Claims triage and STP","AI that reads each new insurance claim and its documents, scores its complexity, cover questions, fraud and recovery signals, sends it to the right handling path and handler, and settles simple, low risk claims end to end within set limits without a person touching them.",[21],[114,115],"claims","operations",[117,27,67,29,30],"classification-and-routing","back-office","supervised-agent",9,7,[123,124,97,125,126,127,128],"Admiral Seguros","Allianz Partners","Lemonade","Sedgwick","Tokio Marine & Nichido Fire Insurance","Travelers",{"kpi":130,"label":131,"unit":103,"n":47,"nUpTo":47,"kind":49,"value":132,"qualifier":133,"claimant":51,"organization":125,"vendorReported":11},"automation-rate","Automation rate",55,"approximately","Claims handling as such is not listed in Annex III. The same system becomes high risk when it is also used for risk assessment and pricing of natural persons in life and health insurance (point 5(c)), or when it is used by or on behalf of a public authority to grant, reduce, revoke or reclaim essential public assistance benefits and services, including healthcare services (point 5(a)). Otherwise the tier is minimal, so the design and the operator decide. Decisions on claims based solely on automated processing are also subject to Article 22 of the GDPR and the UK GDPR.",{"slug":136,"title":137,"shortTitle":138,"definition":139,"status":19,"industries":140,"functions":141,"patterns":142,"audience":118,"autonomy":119,"adoptionStage":33,"segment":88,"evidenceCount":120,"publicEvidenceCount":120,"organizations":143,"bestGrade":42,"headline":148,"lastVerified":152,"indexable":12,"euAiActTier":79,"euAiActBasis":153},"commercial-underwriting-submission-triage","AI for commercial underwriting submission intake and triage","Underwriting submission triage","AI that reads incoming broker submissions for commercial insurance (emails, applications, schedules of values, loss runs and supplements), extracts the risk data into a structured record, checks clearance and appetite, enriches the risk with internal and third party data and ranks it, so underwriters open a complete, prioritized file instead of an inbox.",[21],[88,115],[67,117,27,29],[93,144,145,96,97,40,146,147,98],"AXIS Capital","CNA Financial","Markel","Paragon Insurance Group",{"kpi":149,"label":150,"unit":103,"n":47,"nUpTo":48,"kind":49,"value":151,"qualifier":133,"claimant":51,"organization":147,"vendorReported":11},"accuracy","Accuracy",98,"2026-09-27","Intake and triage for commercial insurance is not listed in Annex III, which covers risk assessment and pricing of natural persons in life and health insurance. It moves up to high risk only if the same pipeline is used to assess or price life or health cover for individuals.",{"slug":155,"title":156,"shortTitle":157,"definition":158,"status":19,"industries":159,"functions":161,"patterns":163,"audience":31,"autonomy":32,"adoptionStage":33,"segment":114,"evidenceCount":35,"publicEvidenceCount":35,"organizations":164,"bestGrade":42,"headline":170,"lastVerified":152,"indexable":12,"euAiActTier":53,"euAiActBasis":174},"health-prior-authorization-and-claims-adjudication","AI for health insurance prior authorization and claims adjudication support","Health prior authorization and adjudication","AI that reads prior authorization requests, medical claims and appeals with their clinical and billing documents, extracts diagnoses, treatments and costs, checks them against the policy and published clinical criteria, and prepares a summary and recommendation for a clinician or adjudicator, who makes every adverse decision.",[21,160],"healthcare",[114,162,115],"case-management",[67,30,90,117,68],[165,166,167,168,169],"Acentra Health","AdvanceCare","Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services","ICICI Lombard","Manulife",{"kpi":171,"label":172,"unit":103,"n":173,"nUpTo":48,"kind":49,"value":104,"qualifier":133,"claimant":105,"organization":165,"vendorReported":12},"handling-time-reduction","Handling time reduction",2,"Annex III point 5(a) makes AI high risk when it is used by or on behalf of public authorities to evaluate eligibility for essential public assistance benefits and services, including healthcare services, or to grant, reduce or revoke them, which can cover statutory health schemes run by or for public bodies. Point 5(c) covers risk assessment and pricing in life and health insurance, not claim review. A copilot for a private insurer's claim review, where people decide, is usually outside Annex III; for public schemes, Article 6(3) may exempt a system that only performs a preparatory task, unless it profiles natural persons. GDPR rules on health data (Article 9) and on solely automated decisions (Article 22) apply in every case.",{"slug":176,"title":177,"shortTitle":178,"definition":179,"status":19,"industries":180,"functions":182,"patterns":185,"audience":31,"autonomy":32,"adoptionStage":70,"segment":118,"evidenceCount":173,"publicEvidenceCount":173,"organizations":186,"bestGrade":42,"headline":77,"lastVerified":152,"indexable":12,"euAiActTier":189,"euAiActBasis":190},"regulatory-report-assembly","AI for regulatory report assembly","Regulatory report assembly","AI that assembles periodic and data driven regulatory filings and returns, such as prudential and statistical returns, threshold and transaction reports and disclosure packs, by pulling data into the regulator's schema, validating it, reconciling figures to source, explaining movements against prior periods and drafting commentary, before a named officer reviews and submits. Narratives for individual suspicious activity cases are a separate use case.",[61,21,62,181],"payments",[65,183,184],"finance-and-accounting","financial-crime-compliance",[29,69,68,30],[187,188],"Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System","National Credit Union Administration","limited","Not an Article 5 practice and not listed in Annex III: the system prepares filings for authorities and makes no decision on the credit, insurance, employment or access to services of a natural person. It is an internal tool whose users know they are working with AI, and drafted text that ends up in public disclosures passes human review under a named person's editorial responsibility, which takes it outside the Article 50(4) deployer disclosure duty. The system still drafts variance commentary and plain language explanations of validation failures from underlying data, rather than lightly editing existing text, so the assistive function for standard editing exception does not fit. The bank that builds or operates the system is then the provider and carries the Article 50(2) duty to mark that generated text in a machine readable way as artificially generated, which has applied since 2 August 2026. The AI literacy duty of Article 4 also applies.",{"slug":192,"title":193,"shortTitle":194,"definition":195,"status":19,"industries":196,"functions":197,"patterns":198,"audience":31,"autonomy":32,"adoptionStage":33,"segment":88,"evidenceCount":173,"publicEvidenceCount":173,"organizations":199,"bestGrade":42,"headline":77,"lastVerified":152,"indexable":12,"euAiActTier":201,"euAiActBasis":202},"life-underwriting-medical-record-summarization","AI summarization of medical evidence for life and health underwriting","Life underwriting medical summaries","AI that reads the medical evidence behind a life or health insurance application (attending physician statements, electronic health records, lab results and disclosures), turns it into a structured, cited summary of conditions, treatments and dates, and maps it to the insurer's underwriting manual so an underwriter can decide faster and more consistently.",[21],[88],[67,30,90],[169,200],"Prudential plc","high","Annex III point 5(c): AI intended for risk assessment and pricing in relation to natural persons in life and health insurance. Article 6(3) exempts some purely preparatory tasks, but never a system that profiles natural persons. Extracting an applicant's health conditions and mapping them to the underwriting manual evaluates their health, which is profiling, so treat the system as high risk. Under the timeline as amended, the obligations for Annex III high risk systems apply from 2 December 2027, and Article 27 requires deployers of point 5(c) systems to assess the impact on fundamental rights before first use.",1790598320016]